At least 18 Russian regions have declared patronage over settlements or areas of the DPR and LPR. What kind of assistance they are already providing and how it is planned to restore the Donbass – in the RBC material .jpg” alt=”Regions have named sources of sponsorship assistance to Donbass” />
At least 18 regions have declared patronage over settlements or districts of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics. At the end of May, Sergey Kiriyenko, First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration, announced the decision taken by the President of Russia on patronage of the Russian regions over the districts and municipalities of Donbass.
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Russia will invest more than 2 trillion rubles into the economy of the Donetsk People's Republic, DPR Prime Minister Vitaly Khotsenko said at the St. Petersburg Economic Forum. At the end of February, the head of the LPR, Leonid Pasechnik, estimated the restoration of the republic at 1.5 trillion rubles.
RBC interviewed the regional authorities about the legal grounds for patronage assistance, the sources of its financing and the estimated volume.
Restoration at the expense of the regional budget
None of the representatives of the regional authorities interviewed by RBC provided data on how much money will be allocated to help the LNR and the DNR.
Saratov Regionwill help in the restoration of the Svatovsky district of the LPR, Governor Roman Busargin said in early June. Now experts are assessing the upcoming work to restore infrastructure and socially important facilities, RBC specified in the press service of the governor. Funds for restoration will be allocated from the budget of the Saratov region, and the business community will also provide financial assistance, they specified.
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Funding from the regional budget for work in the sponsored city of Yenakiyevo (DNR) is also planned in Leningrad region, RBC was told in the press service of the regional government. Assistance will also be financed from extrabudgetary funds.
“The plans include: repair of roads, water supply and sewerage, installation of lighting, launch of new trams and buses. Already today, Leningrad doctors, road builders, and builders are working in Enakievo. It is also necessary to update school programs, textbooks, educational process»,— specified in the press service of the regional government.
Moscowwill take patronage over Donetsk and Luhansk, funds for the restoration of their infrastructure will be directed from the Moscow budget, RBC sources previously reported. RBC sent a request to the press service of the mayor and government of Moscow.
Moscow Regionwill participate in the restoration of Telmanovsky and Novoazovsky districts of Donbass. “Help is needed with roads and bridges, these are rural areas. Second— These are schools and kindergartens. And the third — this is IZHS [individual housing construction]. We have the resources to help. We will do this with the federal center, we have large joint infrastructure programs. But we are able to provide first aid to the regions of the DPR ourselves, & mdash; Andrey Vorobyov, Governor of the region, said in an interview with RBC. RBC sent a request to the press service of the administration of the Moscow region.
The question of the legislative possibility of supporting the republics of Donbass is still open, director of the Center for Regional Policy of the RANEPA Vladimir Klimanov told RBC. He noted that the law establishes a list of powers for which the region has the right to spend funds, and the provision of patronage assistance to another state is not included in this list. There are also a number of restrictions on the budget of subsidized regions: such entities must necessarily coordinate various kinds of spending with the federal center, Klimanov added.
“In this regard, a number of restrictions that exist in the legislation do not currently allow to prescribe that, for example, roads in the DPR will be built at the expense of the regional budget. Such actions can then be recognized by the control and accounting authorities as misuse of budgetary funds, since this goal is not spelled out anywhere in the legislation as the powers of the subject of the Russian Federation, — said Klimanov.
The expert also noted that since 2019, the regions have the right to implement “horizontal subsidies”, that is, to allocate funds free of charge to solve any problems to another entity. In particular, Moscow actively uses it. However, this concerns the possibility of providing funds to another region of Russia, and not to a foreign state, the expert emphasized.
According to Klimanov, the provision of financial assistance will require amendments to the budget legislation. «Implementation of direct budget investments— in the construction of buildings, roads and other property objects— in foreign countries it is not yet legally prescribed, & mdash; he said.
The press service of the administration of the Leningrad Region told RBC that the specific budget item for which funds will be allocated to the sponsored regions will be determined “after the appearance of the appropriate federal regulatory framework.” The specific amounts of assistance are still being specified, they added.
Voluntariness and “collective initiative”
In a number of regions, RBC was told that they would not use budget funds for the restoration of Donbass.
Boss assistance to residents of the city of Bryanka (LPR) is provided exclusively by Bryansk industrial and agricultural enterprises, residents of the region— thanks to their contribution, 80 tons of humanitarian cargo have already been delivered there, RBC was told in the press service of the governor of the Bryansk region. They noted that the enterprises purchased communal road equipment: a construction crane, a motor grader, a front loader, equipment to ensure the activities of housing and communal services, including at the expense of the governor of the Bryansk region Alexander Bogomaz and his family.
Expenses for The sponsored city of Krasny Luch (LPR) is financed only from non-budgetary sources, and humanitarian aid is organized at the expense of organizations, enterprises, institutions, political parties and movements, the press service of the head of Bashkiria emphasized. In addition, as reported by the press service, additional medical workers, public utilities, and road workers have been sent to the city.
“Currently, patronage assistance of the Vladimir region to objects and settlements of Donbass is provided on the initiative of labor collectives, enterprises and public organizations of the Vladimir region,” — noted in the press service of the head of Vladimir region. The regional administration, in turn, ensures the coordination of this work, they specified.
Interaction with manufacturers and retailers of the Novosibirsk Region to collect humanitarian aid for the Belovodsky District (LPR) is carried out on a voluntary basis, RBC was told in the press service of the governor of Novosibirsk Region: specialists provide only “organizational and methodological assistance in the work bodies of local self-government of the district».
Uncertainty of funding sources
The authorities of some regions that previously announced patronage assistance to the republics found it difficult to explain to RBC from what sources such assistance is and will be provided.< /p>
In the Information Policy Department of the Sverdlovsk RegionRBC replied that they did not have the requested information. In early June, the Sverdlovsk Region signed an agreement to support the city of Makeevka (DNR). Governor Yevgeny Kuyvashev named road works and the reconstruction of the water supply system among the priority goals and indicated that the restoration would begin “in the very near future.” >, Lipetsk, Kursk and Tambov region.
The authorities of the Kursk region have committed themselves to the restoration of social facilities Pervomaisky district of the DPR— kindergartens, schools, clinics.
The press service of the acting head of the administration of the Tambov region told RBC that financial issues will be regulated by an agreement that is currently being prepared. At the same time, the Tambov region is already providing assistance to the sponsored Novoaydarsky district of the LPR: “on a daily basis, residents of the district are helped with food”; provide bread and water. In addition, it is planned to supply medicines, veterinary equipment, spare parts for agricultural machinery, and other goods necessary for life, the press service told RBC.
“Currently, a team of volunteers and specialists determines the list and volume of activities planned for holding, as well as sources of their funding,” — RBC was told in the press service of the head of the Lipetsk region, patronizing the Volodarsky district of the DPR. provide sponsored Gorlovka (DPR) with equipment in order to “send Kuzbass brigades” in the future.
In early June, work began on the construction of a construction camp in Mariupol, and on June 16, the authorities of Petersburgreported on the preparation of the kindergarten for reconstruction. The press service of the governor of St. Petersburg did not provide information about the sources of funding, noting that all the information is on the official website of the administration.
How the aid to Crimea was organized in 2014
The curatorship model was first used in 2014. Then the Ministry of Regional Development of Russia prepared a scheme in which 14 regions of Crimea and two cities of the peninsula were assigned to 16 Russian regions. The governors were instructed to provide “methodological and material assistance in ensuring the proper functioning of public utilities and the social sphere.”
Border regions, subjects of the Russian Federation with a high level of budgetary security or regions that could establish specific ties were selected as patrons&mdash ; in manufacturing and agriculture. At the same time, the settlements of Crimea did not require such restoration as the regions of the LPR and DPR that suffered during the hostilities.
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